
Quick Scan
Altering your memorized keyboard shortcuts may be the most frustrating part of switching to the Mac.
In most cases, changing the modifier key from Control + key to Command + key will do the trick.
For a comprehensive list, see the tables below.
Share your tips in the Comments section at the bottom.
Ultimate Switcher Guide: Windows PC to Mac Keyboard Shortcuts
If you make heavy use of keyboard shortcuts, one of the biggest challenges is learning them on the Mac. What was once ingrained in your memory now can leave you feeling frustrated and bitter that you ever switched. Don't throw your Mac out the window yet! Thankfully, in many cases it’s simply shifting your pinky a couple of keys to the right.
If you feel new to the keyboard shortcut thing, we are talking about how you can involke commands usually found in the your computer's menus by pressing a combination of keys on the keyboard instead. Many people find this way of working much faster and efficient both on Macs and PCs. The trouble is, the key combinations are slightly different from Mac to PC. Find out more about Mac shortcuts in our MFM article, Mastering Keyboard Shortcuts on the Mac.
To keep things simple, we’ll stick to the standard full-size keyboards that ship with most Windows machines and Macs. We’ll also skip specialized keys that may control things like brightness, iTunes and such.
Let’s start with the keys. Windows and Mac keyboards sport nearly all the same keys although placement and naming might be slightly different.
However, Macs add the “Command” (⌘) key (also known as “Apple” or “Open-Apple”) and Windows the “Windows” key (also known as “Start”). Here is the (very) basic breakdown:
|
Windows
|
Macintosh
|
|
Control
|
Command (Most of the time); Control
|
|
Alt
|
Option |
|
Windows/Start
|
Command/Apple
|
|
Backspace
|
Delete
|
|
Shift
|
Shift
|
|
Enter
|
Enter
|
|
Return
|
Return
|
For the most part, a Control + Key in Windows translates to a Command + Key in Mac OS. This is the fundamental conceptual shift to understand. Instead of hitting that Control key in the corner with your pinky, try to use your thumb to nail the Command key on the Mac keyboard. Some even think the thumb on Command provides a better "pivot" to reach most of the keyboard with one hand.
When looking for a shortcut, look in the menus for the keyboard equivalents (listed to the right of the menu item in orange below) or search in the Help menu for “Keyboard Shortcuts”

Here is a list of commonly-used Windows keyboard shortcuts and their Mac equivalents.
System Shortcuts
|
Action |
Windows |
Macintosh |
|
Backwards Delete |
Backspace |
Delete |
|
Capture Entire Screen to Clipboard |
Print Screen |
Command + Control + Shift + 3 |
|
Capture Frontmost Window |
Alt + Print Screen |
Command + Shift + 3 |
|
Close Current Window |
Control + W |
Command + W |
|
Copy a File/Folder |
Control + drag icon |
Option + drag icon |
|
Copy to Clipboard |
Control + C |
Command + C |
|
Create an alias or shortcut |
Right mouse click and select Create Shortcut |
Command + L |
|
Cut to Clipboard |
Control + X |
Command + X |
|
Exit a dialog box without changes |
Escape |
Escape |
|
Find/Search |
Control + F |
Command + F |
|
Force quit a frozen application |
Control + Alt + Delete |
Command + Option + Escape |
|
Forward Delete |
Delete |
Delete (For Mac notebooks, press the Function (fn) and Delete key) |
|
Get item info or properties |
Alt + Enter |
Command + I |
|
Logout Current User |
Windows + L |
Command + Shift + Q |
|
Maximize Window |
Control + F10 |
None |
|
Minimize Windows |
Windows + M |
Command + M |
|
New Folder |
Control + N |
Command + Shift + N |
|
Open File |
Control + O |
Command + O |
|
Paste Clipboard |
Control + V |
Command + V |
|
|
Control + P |
Command + P |
|
Quit/Close a program |
Alt + F4 |
Command + Q |
|
Rename a file/folder |
Select item + F2 |
Select item + Enter |
|
Save File |
Control + S |
Command + S |
|
Select all items |
Control + A |
Command + A |
|
Select more than one item in a list (non contiguous) |
Control + click on each item |
Command + click on each item |
|
Send items to Trash/Recycle Bin |
Delete |
Command + Delete |
|
Send/Receive Email |
Control + K |
Command + K |
|
Shut Down |
Windows + U + U |
Command + Option + Control + Eject |
|
Switch to Next Window |
Control + F6 |
Command + ~ (tilde) |
|
Switch to Previous Window |
Control + Shift + F6 |
Command + Shift + ~ (tilde) |
|
Toggle through open applications |
Alt + Tab |
Command + Tab |
|
Type special characters |
Alt + key |
Option + key |
|
Undo |
Control-Z |
Command- |
MS Office / iWork
|
Action |
Windows |
Macintosh |
|
All Caps |
Control + Shift + A |
Command + Shift + A |
|
Bold |
Control + B |
Command + B |
|
Extend selection word left |
Control + Shift + Left |
Option + Shift + Left |
|
Extend selection word right |
Control + Shift + Right |
Option + Shift + Right |
|
Font Menu |
Control + D |
Command + D (Office); Command + T (iWork) |
|
Italics |
Control + I |
Command + I |
|
Move to the beginning of current or previous word |
Control + Left |
Option + Left |
|
Move to the end of current or next word |
Control + Right |
Option + Right |
|
Move to the end of the current line |
Control + End |
Option + End |
|
New Document, Email, Etc. |
Control + N |
Command + N |
|
Underline |
Control + U |
Command + U |
Internet Explorer / Safari Shortcuts
|
Action |
Windows |
Macintosh |
|
Back |
Alt + Left OR Backspace |
Command + Left OR Delete |
|
Find A Word/Phrase on a page |
Control + F |
Command + F |
|
Forward |
Alt + Right OR Shift + Backspace |
Command + Right OR Shift + Delete |
|
Go To Home Page |
Alt + Home |
Command + Shift + H |
|
Open a new browser window |
Control + N |
Command + N |
|
Open New Tab |
Control + T |
Command + T |
|
Print Page |
Control + P |
Command + P |
|
Refresh A Web Page |
Control + R |
Command + R |
|
Switch to Next Tab |
Control + Tab |
Command + } |
|
Switch to Previous Tab |
Control + Shift + Tab |
Command + { |
|
Toggle Full Screen |
F11 |
None |
|
Enlarge Text Size |
Control + + (plus) |
Command + + (plus) |
|
Reduce Text Size |
Control + - (minus) |
Command + - (minus) |
Okay, that was a long list. Remember, start out by trying to swap Command for Control in your memorized shortcuts from PCs. Also, if you've been trying and trying and still want to smash your Mac, before going back to Windows try altering the shortcuts to make them what you want them to be. Some applications let your "remap" the shortcuts by using that ability in the program, and Mac OS X lets you do that to some extent in the Keyboard & Mouse preference pane. Open it and click on Keyboard shortcuts to see what you can do. Don't forget to scroll to the bottom to add application specific shortcuts.
Have you struggled with this issue before? Do you have some tips to share or questions about it? What about important shortcuts that aren't in the tables? Let us know in the Comments section below!
DIG DEEPER
Apple keyboards and keyboard mapping in Windows XP
Keyboard shortcuts for Windows
Mac 101: Make your own keyboard shortcut - TUAW
How Apple Keyboards Lost A Logo & Windows PCs Gained One
Wikipedia on the Command Key
Wikipedia on the Windows Key
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Your Comments:
Andrew
02/28/2008 at 12:37 PM
Gort
02/29/2008 at 05:37 AM
Terje
02/29/2008 at 10:03 AM
If you have Leopard, another quick route is to use Spotlight to bypass the Finder altogether. Click the Spotlight icon, or key combo Cmd-Spacebar, then a few letters of the file or app name, then Enter or Return. It learns as you go, so now to open Transmit, I click Spotlight, hit t-r-a then enter.
Tiger's Spotlight was too slow, but it works well in Leopard.
Chris Kerins
02/29/2008 at 10:08 AM
Rainey
05/08/2008 at 02:48 PM
Chris Kerins
05/08/2008 at 03:01 PM
I tried that and it works in the Mac environment but not in VMware...sorry I wasn't specific. Any ideas on getting this to work in VMware?
Rainey
05/08/2008 at 03:29 PM
Chris Kerins
05/08/2008 at 03:39 PM
Thanks for responding...so good to know someone is trying to help!
Rainey
05/08/2008 at 03:45 PM
Mappy
07/06/2008 at 11:04 PM